Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Observable Properties of Objects

Sort objects by observable properties such as size, shape, color, weight, and texture

Use senses to find classroom objects with specific shapes, colors, and textures.

Discuss and compare the weight of various objects within the classroom or familiar household objects.

Classify objects with similar physical properties.

Sort and classify objects by color, shape, size, number, and other properties.

Recognize and compare the attributes of length, volume/capacity, weight, area, and time using appropriate language.

Make and use estimates of measurements from everyday experiences.

Use nonstandard units to measure length, area, weight, and capacity.

Compare sets of up to at least 10 concrete objects using appropriate language (e.g., none, more than, fewer than, same number of, one more than) and order numbers.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Observable Properties of Objects

Sort objects by observable properties such as size, shape, color, weight, and texture.

Discuss ways to compare properties.

Sort objects by specific properties (size, use, weight) using senses.

Describe attributes and parts of two- and three-dimensional shapes.

Compare the length, weight, area, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Use senses to find classroom objects with specific shapes, colors, and textures.

Discuss and compare the weight of various objects within the classroom or familiar household objects.

Classify objects with similar physical properties.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Observable Properties of Objects

Sort objects by observable properties such as size, shape, color, weight, and texture.

Classify objects by their properties and explain the reasoning.

Demonstrate how size does not determine weight.

Discuss daily activities that require sorting.

Describe attributes and parts of two- and three-dimensional shapes.

Compare the length, weight, area, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Discuss ways to compare properties.

Sort objects by specific properties (size, use, weight) using senses.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

States of Matter

Identify objects and materials as solid, liquid, or gas. Recognize that solids have a definite shape and that liquids and gases take the shape of their container.

Observe that some objects are liquids and some are solid.

Identify characteristics of solids and liquids by their size, shape, color, and texture (using senses).

Classify some solids and liquids.

Name, describe, sort, and draw simple two-dimensional shapes.

Identify positions of objects in space, and use appropriate language.

Sort and classify objects by color, shape, size, number, and other properties.

Recognize and compare the attributes of length, volume/capacity, weight, area, and time using appropriate language.

Use nonstandard units to measure length, area, weight, and capacity.

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Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

States of Matter

Identify objects and materials as solid, liquid, or gas. Recognize that solids have a definite shape and that liquids and gases take the shape of their container.

Demonstrate how the properties of a liquid (no definite shape) differ from a solid.

Categorize solids and liquids by their characteristics.

Discuss the properties of gases.

Explore the effects temperature has on water (freezing and melting.)

Describe attributes and parts of two- and three-dimensional shapes.

Predict the results of putting shapes together and taking them apart

Select and correctly use the appropriate measurement tools, e.g., ruler, balance scale, thermometer.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Observe that some objects are liquids and some are solid.

Identify characteristics of solids and liquids by their size, shape, color, and texture (using senses).

Classify some solids and liquids.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

States of Matter

Identify objects and materials as solid, liquid, or gas. Recognize that solids have a definite shape and that liquids and gases take the shape of their container.

Discuss that all matter takes up space.

Compare the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

Describe the properties of a gas by experimenting with air.

Observe what happens when you put two kinds of matter in the same space.

Describe attributes and parts of two- and three-dimensional shapes.

Predict the results of putting shapes together and taking them apart

Select and correctly use the appropriate measurement tools, e.g., ruler, balance scale, thermometer.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Demonstrate how the properties of a liquid (no definite shape) differ from a solid.

Categorize solids and liquids by their characteristics.

Discuss the properties of gases.

Explore the effects temperature has on water (freezing and melting.)

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Positions and Motion of Objects

Describe the various ways that objects can move, such as in a straight line, zigzag, back-and-forth, round-and-round, fast, and slow.

[73STE] Demonstrate that the way to change the motion of an object is to apply a force (give it a push or a pull). The greater the force, the greater the change in the motion of the object.

[74STE] Recognize that under some conditions, objects can be balanced.

Observe that some objects seem to move.

Demonstrate that living things move in many different ways. (forward, backward, around, diagonal)

Identify that objects can be made to move by applying forces of pushing or pulling.

Observe the effects different surfaces have on the distance a moving object will travel.

Observe that objects fall toward earth.

Recognize and compare the attributes of length, volume/capacity, weight, area, and time using appropriate language.

Make and use estimates of measurements from everyday experiences.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Positions and Motion of Objects

Describe the various ways that objects can move, such as in a straight line, zigzag, back-and-forth, round-and-round, fast, and slow.

[73STE] Demonstrate that the way to change the motion of an object is to apply a force (give it a push or a pull). The greater the force, the greater the change in the motion of the object.

[74STE] Recognize that under some conditions, objects can be balanced.

State the various ways an object can move.

Show how objects can move by forces such as pushing and pulling.

Explore with different surfaces the effects of speed on an object (frictional force.)

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Predict the results of putting shapes together and taking them apart

Observe that some objects seem to move.

Demonstrate that living things move in many different ways. (forward, backward, around, diagonal)

Identify that objects can be made to move by applying forces of pushing or pulling.

Observe the effects different surfaces have on the distance a moving object will travel.

Observe that objects fall toward earth.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Positions and Motion of Objects

Describe the various ways that objects can move, such as in a straight line, zigzag, back-and-forth, round-and-round, fast, and slow.

[73STE] Demonstrate that the way to change the motion of an object is to apply a force (give it a push or a pull). The greater the force, the greater the change in the motion of the object.

[74STE] Recognize that under some conditions, objects can be balanced.

Conclude that the rougher a surface the less momentum an object will create.

Demonstrate that forces in opposite directions can balance each other out so no movement occurs.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Predict the results of putting shapes together and taking them apart

State the various ways an object can move.

Show how objects can move by forces such as pushing and pulling.

Explore with different surfaces the effects of speed on an object (frictional force.)

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Properties of Objects and Materials

[75STE] Differentiate between properties of objects (e.g., size, shape, weight) and properties of materials (e.g., color, texture, hardness).

Discuss the properties of different materials.

Classify materials using their properties.

Describe, model, draw, compare, and classify two- and three-dimensional shapes.

Recognize similar figures.

Identify and use appropriate metric and English units and tools.

Collect and organize data using observations, measurements, surveys, or experiments, and identify appropriate ways to display the data.

Classify objects by their properties and explain the reasoning.

Demonstrate how size does not determine weight.

Discuss daily activities that require sorting.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Properties of Objects and Materials

[75STE] Differentiate between properties of objects (e.g., size, shape, weight) and properties of materials (e.g., color, texture, hardness).

Discuss professions and how different objects and materials are used based on their properties.

Compare materials and objects based on their properties and uses.

Categorize materials and objects based on their properties and uses.

Measure and compare common objects using metric and English units of length measurement.

Describe attributes and parts of two- and three-dimensional shapes.

Compare the length, weight, area, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Discuss the properties of different materials.

Classify materials using their properties.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Properties of Objects and Materials

[75STE] Differentiate between properties of objects (e.g., size, shape, weight) and properties of materials (e.g., color, texture, hardness).

Compare materials – make graphs and charts to show similarities and differences between the properties of materials.

Evaluate the useful properties of materials used in every day life.

Design a plan using useful materials describing your reasoning for the materials selected.

Measure and compare common objects using metric and English units of length measurement.

Describe attributes and parts of two- and three-dimensional shapes.

Compare the length, weight, area, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Discuss professions and how different objects and materials are used based on their properties.

Compare materials and objects based on their properties and uses.

Categorize materials and objects based on their properties and uses.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

States of Matter

[76STE] Compare and contrast solids, liquids, and gases base d on the basic properties of each of these states of matter.

Describe how water can be changed from one state to another by adding or taking away heat.

Describe the 3 forms of matter and identify their observable properties.

Observe the difference between solutions and mixtures.

Investigate different types of physical and chemical changes.

Identify and use appropriate metric and English units and tools (e.g., ruler, angle ruler, graduated cylinder, thermometer) to estimate, measure, and solve problems involving length, area, volume, weight, time, angle size, and temperature.

Demonstrate an understanding of such attributes as length, area, weight, and volume, and select the appropriate type of unit for measuring each attribute.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Compare the length, weight, area, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.

Discuss that all matter takes up space.

Compare the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.

Describe the properties of a gas by experimenting with air.

Observe what happens when you put two kinds of matter in the same space.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

States of Matter

[76STE] Compare and contrast solids, liquids, and gases base d on the basic properties of each of these states of matter.

Describe how water can be changed from one state to another by adding or taking away heat.

Demonstrate how solids and liquids have mass.  Discuss that gases have mass also (relate to the periodic table.)

Investigate the role energy plays in changes of state (movement of molecules when states of matter change from one form to another.)

Describe how the change in temperature affects the state of matter (e.g., Heat turns liquid to gas.)

Identify and use appropriate metric and English units and tools (e.g., ruler, angle ruler, graduated cylinder, thermometer) to estimate, measure, and solve problems involving length, area, volume, weight, time, angle size, and temperature.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Compare the length, weight, area, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.

Determine how change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable, e.g., input-output tables.

Describe the 3 forms of matter and identify their observable properties.

Observe the difference between solutions and mixtures.

Investigate different types of physical and chemical changes.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

States of Matter

[76STE] Compare and contrast solids, liquids, and gases based on the basic properties of each of these states of matter.

Describe how water can be changed from one state to another by adding or taking away heat.

Identify the properties of matter that make it useful.

Investigate the makeup of elements and compounds.

Compare and contrast between the physical changes (appearance), and chemical changes (composition) of various materials.

Discuss the properties of matter including density.

Show how various liquids have different densities (e.g., oil, colored water, alcohol, Karo syrup.)

Identify and use appropriate metric and English units and tools (e.g., ruler, angle ruler, graduated cylinder, thermometer) to estimate, measure, and solve problems involving length, area, volume, weight, time, angle size, and temperature.

Make and use estimates of measurement, including time, volume, weight, and area.

Compare the length, weight, area, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.

Determine how change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable, e.g., input-output tables.

Demonstrate how solids and liquids have mass.  Discuss that gases have mass also (relate to the periodic table.)

Investigate the role energy plays in changes of state (movement of molecules when states of matter change from one form to another.)

Describe how the change in temperature affects the state of matter (e.g. Heat turns liquid to gas.)

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Forms of Energy

Identify the basic forms of energy (light, sound, heat, electrical, and magnetic). Recognize that energy is the ability to cause motion or create change.

[79STE] Give examples of how energy can be transferred from one form to another.

Observe and identify basic forms of energy.

Infer the causes and predict effects of energy “at work.”

Define energy and its purposes.  Use examples from school and home.

Determine how change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable, e.g., input-output tables.

Produce and interpret graphs that represent the relationship between two variables in everyday situations.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Forms of Energy

Identify the basic forms of energy (light, sound, heat, electrical, and magnetic). Recognize that energy is the ability to cause motion or create change.

[79STE] Give examples of how energy can be transferred from one form to another.

Predict, observe, and record different kinds of energy changes.

Identify and make hypotheses about how and why energy changes occur.

Discuss the 2 types of energy (potential and kinetic) and the differences between them.  Use the body as an example.

Determine how change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable, e.g., input-output tables.

Produce and interpret graphs that represent the relationship between two variables in everyday situations.

Collect and organize data using observations, measurements, surveys, or experiments, and identify appropriate ways to display the data.

Observe and identify basic forms of energy.

Infer the causes and predict effects of energy “at work.”

Define energy and its purposes.  Use examples from school and home.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Forms of Energy

Identify the basic forms of energy (light, sound, heat, electrical, and magnetic). Recognize that energy is the ability to cause motion or create change.

[79STE] Give examples of how energy can be transferred from one form to another.

Describe the effect energy has on temperature.

Investigate ways heat is produced.

Predict, observe, and classify objects that transmit heat.

Experiment to find out which materials transmit heat the best.

Investigate the different easy heat travels through different kinds of matter.

Observe the cooling effect of evaporation.

Investigate how adding or subtracting heat changes matter.

Determine how change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable, e.g., input-output tables.

Produce and interpret graphs that represent the relationship between two variables in everyday situations.

Collect and organize data using observations, measurements, surveys, or experiments, and identify appropriate ways to display the data.

Predict, observe, and record different kinds of energy changes.

Identify and make hypotheses about how and why energy changes occur.

Discuss the 2 types of energy (potential and kinetic) and the differences between them.  Use the body as an example.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Electrical Energy

[80STE] Recognize that electricity in circuits requires a complete loop through which an electrical current can pass, and that electricity can produce light, heat, and sound.

[81STE] Identify and classify objects and materials that conduct electricity and objects and materials that are insulators of electricity.

[82STE] Explain how electromagnets can be made, and give examples of how they can be used.

Experiment to find out which materials are insulators and which materials are conductors.

Investigate how electricity flows in circuits.

Create a simple series circuit. (Tinfoil, battery, & light bulb)

Understand that static electricity is caused by an attraction of positive and negative particles.

Determine how change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable, e.g., input-output tables.

Collect and organize data using observations, measurements, surveys, or experiments, and identify appropriate ways to display the data.

Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard(s)

Concept Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite Skills

Electrical Energy

[80STE] Recognize that electricity in circuits requires a complete loop through which an electrical current can pass, and that electricity can produce light, heat, and sound.

[81STE] Identify and classify objects and materials that conduct electricity and objects and materials that are insulators of electricity.

[82STE] Explain how electromagnets can be made, and give examples of how they can be used.

Demonstrate how materials that have been electrically charged may either push or pull other charged materials.

Investigate and describe how light, sound, heat, and sparks can be produced in electrical circuits using batteries as an energy source (flashlight, radio.)

Understand what a generator is and its purpose.

Determine how change in one variable relates to a change in a second variable, e.g., input-output tables.

Collect and organize data using observations, measurements, surveys, or experiments, and identify appropriate ways to display the data.

Experiment to find out which materials are insulators and which materials are conductors.

Investigate how electricity flows in circuits.

Create a simple series circuit. (Tinfoil, battery, & light bulb)

Understand that static electricity is caused by an attraction of positive and negative particles.