Content Outline

Massachusetts Science Framework Standard/s

Concepts Objective

Associated Mathematics Skills

Prerequisite skills

XV. Chemical Equilibrium

      A. Reversible reactions

      B. Equilibrium Expression

         1. Equilibrium constant

      C. Homogeneous equilibria

      D. Heterogeneous equilibria

      E. Reaction quotient

         1. Conditions

           a. Q < Keq

           b. Q > Keq

           c. Q = Keq

      F. Le Chatelier’s Principle

         1. Concentration changes

         2. Pressure changes

         3. Temperature changes

9.1 Write the equilibrium expression and calculate the equilibrium constant for a reaction.

9.2 Predict the shift in equilibrium when the system is subjected to a stress (LeChatelier’s principle).

9.3 Identify the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction (temperature, concentration) and the factors that can cause a shift in equilibrium (concentration, pressure, volume, temperature).

9.4 Explain rates of reaction in terms of collision frequency, energy of collisions, and orientation of colliding molecules.

9.5 Define the role of activation energy in a chemical reaction

· Understand the factors that affect reaction rate.

· Understand that some reactions are reversible.

· Understand and use the law of mass action.

· Develop the equilibrium constant expression for a reversible reaction.

· Understand the effects of concentration, temperature, pressure, volume changes, and catalysts on equilibrium reactions.

·  Understand specialized equilibrium constants, i.e. solubility product, ion product of water, ionization constants of weak acids and bases

· Algebraic manipulations

· Quadratic equations

· Inequalities